EAST: Energy Efficient Adaptive Scheme for Transmission in Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, we propose Energy-efficient Adaptive Scheme for Transmission (EAST) in WSNs. EAST is IEEE 802.15.4 standard compliant. In this approach, open-loop is used for temperature-aware link quality estimation and compensation. Whereas, closed-loop feedback helps to divide network into three logical regions to minimize overhead of control packets on basis of Threshold transmitter power loss (RSSIloss) for each region and current number of neighbor nodes that help to adapt transmit power according to link quality changes due to temperature variation. Simulation results show that propose scheme; EAST effectively adapts transmission power to changing link quality with less control packets overhead and energy consumption compared to classical approach with single region in which maximum transmitter power assigned to compensate temperature variation

Crystal structure of 3-{(E)-[(3, 4-dichloro-phenyl)imino]methyl}benzene-1, 2-diol

The authors acknowledge the provision of funds for the purchase of diffractometer and encouragement by Dr.Muhammad Akram Chaudhary, Vice Chancellor, University of Sargodha, Pakistan.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Peningkatan Kemampuan Siswa Membaca Nyaring Melalui Teknik Modeling Di Kelas III SD Terpencil Gondalon

Penelitian ini berjudul Peningkatan Kemampuan Siswa Membaca Nyaring Melalui Teknik Modeling di Kelas III SD Terpencil Gondalon. Dengan uraian permasalahan yaitu apakah dengan menggunakan tehnik modeling dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa kelas III membaca nyaring melalui teknik modeling. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam membaca nyaring melalui teknik modeling. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK), yang dilaksanakan 2 siklus yang terdiri atas perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Data yang diambil adalah data kualitatif yaitu data hasil observasi diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan situasi pembelajaran. Serta data kuantitatif yaitu data hasil belajar diperoleh dari hasil tes. Hasil penelitian siklus I diperoleh tuntas individu 4 orang dan tidak tuntas individu 6 orang dengan persentase daya serap klasikal 58% dan ketuntasan belajar klasikal 40%. Hasil belajar siklus II seluruh siswa dinyatakan tuntas yaitu 100% dengan persentase daya serap klasikal 87,6%. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa penggunaan teknik modeling dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa membaca nyaring siswa kelas III SD Terpencil Gondalon

Reinforcing teacher’s role in retaining students’ interests discussing online in their learning process at Malaysian tertiary institutions

Many studies from the literature related to asynchronous online discussions among tertiary students provide various advantages such as allowing students’ flexibility to provide feedbacks [38], enabling their knowledge construction [30], developing their critical thinking [39], and interacting with the lecturers regardless of time and space [1]. Thus, the use of online discussion has further become predominant to support tertiary education. Likewise in Malaysian context, research related to online discussion has demonstrated increased confidence in students’ learning. Although the findings showed positive response, there are studies [20], [3], [29], [24] proved otherwise mainly because of the teachers’ weaknesses in keeping students’ interests and motivation to use online discussions in their learning process. Based on Ames’ [4] teaching strategies and Keller’s [21] ARCS model, a systematic guidance was developed for teachers to properly help students discussing online in completing their assignments. With reference to this systematic guidance, a qualitative case study on how to retain the students’ motivation using online discussion was conducted. The respondents were final year students working in small groups. Each respondent was made compulsory to answer a checklist based on the items from Khan [22] that was used to gauge their background skills in using online forum before conducting the study. The research instruments used were online discussions and interviews. The transcripts from the online discussions were analysed using a coding scheme developed from the systematic guidance (developed from Ames’ [21] teaching strategies and Keller’s [21] ARCS model while the data from the interviews with the group leaders were used to support the findings derived from the transcript analysis. The findings revealed that the teaching strategies used in this study were able to retain the students’ interest and motivation to continue discussing online in completing their project assignments

Reconstructing Sustainable Outdoor Learning Environment in Malaysia from the Understanding of Natural School Design and Approaches in Indonesia

AbstractWith current development in the pedagogy of teaching and learning approaches in the world, not many studies have been done on outdoor learning in Malaysia. Most of the study was focusing on the development of curriculum and the delivery of knowledge but not many writing and approaches has been done to see outdoor learning as one of the alternative methods of learning in school design. This paper tries to briefly explain the philosophy and approaches of one of the alternative school in Indonesia which is the Natural school or Sekolah Alam which grow tremendously fast in Indonesia. With its unique methods and learning philosophy, this Toto Chan's style of learning has been considered one of the fastest growing alternative school in Indonesia. With its successful attempt in grooming unordinary children this school has proofed to be the most effective implementation of outdoor learning study methods in Indonesia. The discussion itself will consist of four (4) main parts First part will discuss on the current problem and situation in teaching and learning in Malaysia, while the second part will try to explore and review on the definition of outdoor learning with its importance and character in learning environment. The third part will focused on the lesson from Natural School approaches and philosophy of learning while the last part will do some analysis and comparison which result on the suggestion and recommendation for outdoor learning facilities design in Malaysia

Balancing innovation and access: India’s pharmaceutical patent laws

Writing in Science, LSE’s Kenneth Shadlen, Bhaven Sampat (Columbia) and Tahir Amin (Harvard) debate the implications of an upcoming Indian Supreme Court decision on pharmaceutical patents for variants of existing compounds and its impact on the accessibility of affordable drugs

Aplikasi Principal Component Regresion Untuk Analisis Qsar Senyawa Antioksidan Turunan Flavon/ Flavonol Menggunakan Deskriptor Elektronik Hasil Perhitungan Metode Am1

Telah dilakukan aplikasi teknik Principal Component Regresion (PCR) untuk analisis hubungan kuantitatif antara struktur elektronik dan aktivitas (QSAR) antioksidan dari senyawa turunan flavon / flavonol. Data aktivitas merupakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari literatur dan masing-masing dinyatakan sebagai % aktivitas. Representasi struktur kimia berupa deskriptor elektronik meliputi muatan bersih atom dan momen dipol yang diperoleh dari hasil perhitungan metode semiempirik AM1. Evaluasi QSAR yang dilakuakan berupa analisis tahapan Principal Component Analysis (PCA) untuk mengkonversi variabel laten yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis regresi multilinier antara aktivitas dan variabel laten. Hasil penelitian ditunjukkan dengan model persamaan QSAR terpilih dengan menggunakan 4 komponen utama yang dipresentasikan dalam persamaan :%A = 212.2 + (7.196) T1-(20.593)T2-(192.906)T3+(242.706)T4; n=18; 2=0.822 Fhitung/Ftabel=1,397. Kata Kunci: QSAR, Principal Component Analysis, molecular modelin

The effect of transverse magnetic correlations on a coupled order parameter: shifted transition temperatures and thermal hysteresis

We use a Green's function method with Random Phase Approximation to show how magnetic correlations may affect electric polarization in multiferroic materials with magnetic-exchange-type magnetoelectric coupling. We use a model spin 1/2 ferromagnetic ferroelectric system but our results are expected to apply to multiferroic materials with more complex magnetic structures. In particular, we find that transverse magnetic correlations result in a change in the free energy of the ferroelectric solutions leading to the possibility for thermal hysteresis of the electric polarization above the magnetic Curie temperature. Although we are motivated by multiferroic materials, this problem represents a more general calculation of the effect of fluctuations on coupled order parameters

Classification of visualization exudates fundus images results using support vector machine

This paper classifies the characteristics of normal and exudates fundus images by determine its accuracy for diagnostic purposes. Image normalization was performed on 149 fundus images (81 normal and 68 exudates) from MESSIDOR databases to standardize the colours in the fundus images. The OD removed fundus image and fundus image with the exudates areas removed. The SVM1 classifier was applied to 30 test fundus images to determine the best optimal parameter. The kernel function settings; linear, polynomial, quadratic and RBF have an effect on the classification results. For SVM1, the best parameter in classifying pixels is linear kernel function. The visualization results using CAC and radar chart are classified using ts accuracy. It has proven to discriminated exudates and non exudates pixels in fundus image using linear kernel function of SVM1 to diagnose DR.Keywords: Diabetic retinopathy (DR); Optic disc (OD); Support Vector Machine (SVM); AC); Radial Basis Function (RBF)

Time-dependent quantum transport in a resonant tunnel junction coupled to a nanomechanical oscillator

We present a theoretical study of time-dependent quantum transport in a resonant tunnel junction coupled to a nanomechanical oscillator within the non-equilibrium Green's function technique. An arbitrary voltage is applied to the tunnel junction and electrons in the leads are considered to be at zero temperature. The transient and the steady state behavior of the system is considered here in order to explore the quantum dynamics of the oscillator as a function of time. The properties of the phonon distribution of the nanomechnical oscillator strongly coupled to the electrons on the dot are investigated using a non-perturbative approach. We consider both the energy transferred from the electrons to the oscillator and the Fano factor as a function of time. We discuss the quantum dynamics of the nanomechanical oscillator in terms of pure and mixed states. We have found a significant difference between a quantum and a classical oscillator. In particular, the energy of a classical oscillator will always be dissipated by the electrons whereas the quantum oscillator remains in an excited state. This will provide useful insight for the design of experiments aimed at studying the quantum behavior of an oscillator.Comment: 24 pages, 10 figure